Cheese-making



v UNITED STATES 7 .PATENT OF ICE.

. 4 WILLIAM M. TURNER, or WOODLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR oEoNE- HALF TO G. G. WIoKsoN, OF sAN'FRANoIsoo, CALIFORNIA.

fCHE EsE' -"MAKlNGl srncrrrcn'rron forming part of Letters Patent No. 567,522, dated September a, 1896.

' hpplication filed November 29,1895. Serial no 570,533. (No specimens.)

To all whom .it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. TURNER,

I a citizen of the United States, residing at WVoodland, in the county of Yolo and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cheese-Making; and

7 more perfect separation of the whey from the Ldo hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof.

My invention relates to the making of cheese; and my object is mainly to eifect a curd, and thus to produce abetter article, and,

' further, to hasten the process of cheeseniaking, thus saving a considerable amount of 1a. bor and time ordinarily required in getting the product ready for the market.

'In cheese-makin g, ascommonly practiced, the whey is imperfectly separated from the curd by. draining in a -'vat and by pressing ina cheese-press,-a process which, in addition to its ineifectiveness, is slow and requires anundue amount of labor. By the process which -I shall proceed to'describe I accomplish an effective separation of the whey, with the result that I obtain anincr'eased yield of cheese proportionately to the amount of milk employed, accomplish a saving of butter-fat in the cheese, more or less of which,'by the old process, escapes with the whey,'and produce a cheese of closer and firmer quality, yet having the moisture and tenderness which are characteristic of the curd.

In carrying out my process I do not depend upon the vat and press as the means of sepa. rating the whey by drainageand pressure. InsteadjI subject the curds an'd'whey, while .heated, to rapid 'circular agitation, which throws out the thin whey by centrifugal force,

and which at the same time forces air through the curd and drives out any gases or bad flavors. r.

Such apparatus as may be required for heat ing the-milk and curd form 110 part of my presentinyention, nor have I described or 5 shownsuch apparatus, as, mechanically considered, they are well known.

- My-process begins with the heating of milk to a temperature of about 86 Fahrenheit, Sufiicient rennet is then put into the milk to burger, and brick. I solid, yet moist and tender, and shows fewer pin-holes.

coagulate it, which usuallyn'equire's from twenty to forty minutes. The curd is then cut into cubes: ofv about one-half inch and the whole mass reheated to a higher temperature, which varies according to the season, climatefland'other conditions, and, .in prac tice, I have found a temperature of from 98 to 104 Fahrenheit to prod uee the best results which is accomplished'by placing them in a receptacle capable'of being rapidly rotated and having perforated or screen walls, or otherwise constructed so as to allow the thin whey The heated curds and whey arenow. ready for separation in the manner before referred to,

to be thrown off, but to retain the curd. Any

gases which would give a bad flavor to the ,cheese; or tend to cause decay willalso be driven off by the air which is drawn and forced through the curd by the rapid rotation. I have found that all the whey maybe in this way thrown out, and that, the separation is accomplished far more rapidly than is possi ble when'the vat and press are depended upon. The solid curd is now removed from the vessel and placed in a suitable retort having means, such as a steam jacket or pipes, for

keeping the temperature up to. the beforementioned cooking-point of 98 to 104 Faha renheit This temperature is maintained until the curd commences to flake or until the hot-irontest shows suflicient acid to form a good solid curd in the opinion of the cheesemaker. 1 The curd is then salted and is ready to be pressed or "molded to the desired shape.

This process can be used in the manufacture of all, kindso'f cheese, such asSwiss, Lim- The cheese is firm and It'isa better cheese than can be made by the old process and has the industrialz v advantage ofbe'ing made more rapidly and hence more economically. I

1. The herein described method of making;

cheese consisting of heating the milk, coagulating the heated milk, dividing up the curd and reheating it, and separating the curds and Whey by centrifugal action, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described method of making nature, in presence of witnesses, this 20th (la; cheese consisting in heating the milk, coaguof November, 1895. lating the heated milk, dividing up the curds and reheating to a higher temperature, sepa \VILLIAM M. TURN ER. 5 rating the curds and whey by centrifugal ac- Vitnesses:

tion, and removing the solid curd and sub M. M. FISHER, jecting to'heat, substantially as described. NICHOLAS A. HAWKINS,

In testimony whereof I have affixed my sig-. THADDEUS S. SPAULDING. v l 

